Publications/Medical Research

A Selected Small Sample of Numerous Published Articles

Cham, B.E. (2008). Cancer Intralesion Chemotherapy with Solasodine Rhamnosyl Glycosides. Research Journal of Biological Sciences 3 (9): 1008-1017

Punjabi, S., Cook, L.J., Kersey, P., Marks, R. and Cerio, R. (2008). Solasodine glycoalkaloids: a novel topical therapy for basal cell carcinoma. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group, multicenter study. International Journal of Dermatology 47(1): 78-82

Cham, B.E. (2007). When does alternative become orthodox? A skin cancer treatment with solasodine rhamnosyl glycosides (BEC): A case study. Proceedings ACAM (Americam College for Advancement in Medicine) Conference. Integrative Medicine: Advancing Science & Clinical Practice. November, Phoenix Arizona USA.

Cham, B.E. (2007). Book – The Eggplant Cancer Cure. A Treatment for Skin Cancer and New Hope for Other Cancers from Nature’s Pharmacy. Smart Publications. November.

Cham, B.E. (2007). Solasodine Rhamnosyl Glycosides in a Cream Formulation is Effective for Treating Large and Troublesome Skin Cancers. Res. J. Biol. Sci. 2(7), 749-761.

Cham, B.E. (2007). Advances in the Eradication of Skin Cancer. Proceedings ICIM Conference – Kentucky USA.

Lans, C. (2007). Plants used for cuts, injuries and swelling – S. melongena. Comparison of plants used for skin and stomach problems in Trinidad and Tobago with Asian ethnomedicine. J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed, 3, 3-12.

Shiu, L.Y., Chang, L.C., Liang, C.H., Huang, Y.S., Sheu, H.M. and Kuo, K.W. (2007). Solamargine induces apoptosis and sensitizes breast cancer cells to cisplatin. Food Chem. Toxicol. 45(11), 2155-2164.

Cham, B. E. (2007). Solasodine Rhamnosyl Glycosides Specifically Bind Cancer Cell Receptors and Induce Apoptosis and Necrosis. Treatment for Skin Cancer and Hope for Internal Cancers Research Journal of Biological Sciences 2 (4): 503-514, 2007

Hall, C. A., Hobby, T. and Cipollini, M. (2006). Efficacy and Mechanisms of a- Solasonine-and a-Solamargine-Induced Cytolysis on Two Strains of Trypanosoma cruzi. J.Chem. Ecol. 32. 2405-2416

Millward, M., Powell, A., Daly, P., Tyson, S., Ferguson, R. and Carter, S. (2006). Results of phase I clinical trials of Coramsine in patients with advanced solid tumours. J. Clin. Oncol. 24, 2070

Ono, M., Nishimura, K., Suzuki, K., Fukushima, T., Igoshi, K., Yoshimitsu, H., Ikeda, T and Nohara, T. (2006) . Steroidal Glycosides from the Underground Parts of Solanum Sodomaeum. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 54(2)230-233

Amalfi, C. (2006). The little mouse who wouldn’t say die. Cosmos Mag. 471.

Nada, C., Nikolic, A., Mihajlo, Z., Stankovic, A. G., Dejan, Z. and Markovic, C. D. (2005). Liquid-liquid systems for acid hydrolysis of glycoalkaloids from Solanum tuberosum L. tuber sprouts and solanidine extraction. Med. Sci. Monit. 11(7), BR200-205.

Choi, E. and Koo, S. (2005). Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanolic extract of potato (Solanum tuberosum). Food Agri. Immun. 16. 29-39

Jellinek, N. and Maloney, M. (2005). Escharotic and other botanical agents for the treatment of skin cancer: A review J. Amer. Aca. Dermatol. 53. 486-495

Lequart, V., Goethals, G., Banoub, J., Villa, P. and Martin, P. (2004). An Improved Synthesis of Chacotriose. Chem. Let. 33. 444

Putalun, W., Taura, F., Qing, W., Matsushita, H., Tanaka, H and Shoyama, Y. (2003). Anti-solasodine glycoside single-chain Fv antibody stimulates biosynthesis of solasodine glycoside in plants. Plant Cell Rep. 22. 344-349

Kilman, C. (2004). (2005). Tamanu Oil. A tropical topical remedy. HerbalGram. 63, 26-31.

Shen, Y.C., Hung, M.C., Wang, L.T. and Chen, C.Y. (2003). (2005). Inocalophyllins A, B and their methyl esters from the seeds of Calophyllum inophyllum. Chem. Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 51, 802-906.

Badami, S., Manohara Reddy, S.A., Kumar, E.P., Vijayan, P. and Suresh, B. (2003). Antitumour activity of total alkaloid fraction of Solanum pseudocapsicum leaves. Phytother. Res. 17. 1001-1004

Chami, L.A., Méndez, R., Chataing, B., O’Callaghan, J., Usubillaga, A. and LaCruz, L. (2003). Toxicological effects of a-solamargine in experimental animals. Phyto Res. 17, 254-258

Cerio, R. and Punjabi, S. (2002). Clinical Appraisal of BEC5. Barts and The London NHS.

Esteves-Souza, A., Silva, T. M. and Alves, C. C. F. et al. (2002). Cytotoxic activities against Ehrlich carcinoma and human K562 leukaemia of alkaloids and flavonoids from two Solanum Species. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 13. 838-842

Dweck, A.C. and Meadows, T. (2002). Tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum) – the African, Asian, Polynesian and Pacific panacea. Int. J. Cosmet Sci. 24, 341-348.

Vijayan, P., Vinod Kumar, S., Dhanaraj, S. A., Badami, S. and Suresh, B. (2002). In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Anti-tumour Properties of the Total Alkaloid Fraction of Unripe Fruits of Solanum pseudocapsicum. Pharmaceut. Biol. 40. 456-460

Chen, Z. and Miller, A. (2001). Steroidal Alkaloids in solanaceous vegetable crops. (2001). Horticul. Rev. 25. 171-186

Roddick, J. G., Weissenberg, M. and Leonard, A. L. (2001). Membrane disruption and enzyme inhibition by naturally – occurring and modified chaco-triose – containing Solanum steroidal glycoalkaloids. Phyto Chem. 56, 603-610

Morillo, M., Lequart, V., Grand, E., Goethals, G., Usubillaga, A., Villa, P. and Martin, P. (2001). Synthesis of peracetylated chaco-triose. Carbohyd. Res. 334, 281-287

Cipollini, M. L. (2000). Secondary metabolites of vertebrate – dispersed fruits; evidence for adaptive functions. Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat. 73. 421-440

Kuo, K. W., Hsu, S. H., Li, Y. P., Lin, W. L., Liu, L. F., Chang, L. C., Lin, C. C., Lin, C. N. and Sheu, H. M. (2000). Anticancer activity evaluation of the Solanum glycoalkaloid solamargine. Triggering apoptosis in human hepatoma cells. Biochem. Pharmacol. 60, 1865-1873

Punjabi, S., Cook, I., Kersey, P., Marks, R., Finlay, A., Sharpe, G. et al. (2000). A double blind, multi-centre parallel group study of BEC-5 cream in basal cell carcinoma. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 14 (Suppl), 47-60

Wang, L. and China Hu, Y. (2000). Three kinds of antifungal natural products of the two fungal cells of genetic material. Pharmaceut.J., 35(11), 860-863.

Walsh, N. (2000). Promising Topical Therapy for Actinic Keratoses Brief Article Dr S Punjabi. Uni. Liverpool. Family Pratice News. December 1 article.

Ali, M.S., Mahmud, S., Perveen, S., Ahmad, V.U. and Rizwani, G.H. (1999). Epimers from the leaves of Calophyllum inophyllum. Phytochemistry. 50, 1385-1389.

Cooper, R.A., Molan, P.C. and Harding, K.G. (1999). Antibacterial activity of honey against strains of Staphylcoccus aureus from infected wounds. J. Royal. Soc, Med. 92, 283-285.

Molan, P.C. (1999). “The unique properties of manuka honey” Bee informed. J. Amer. Apither. Soc. 6(1), 5-6.

Chataing, B., Concepcion, J. L., Lobaton, R. and Usubillaga, A. (1998) Inhibition of Trypanosomer cruzi growth in vitro by Solanum alkaloids; a comparison with ketoconazole. Planta Med. 64, 31-36

Chataing, B., Christancho, N. B. and Usubillaga, A. (1998). Topical treatment of herpes simplex, herpes zoster and genital herpes with a mixture of Solanaceous glycoalkaloids. MedULA. Universidad de Los Andes. 7. 30-34

De Villiers, E.M. (1998). Human papillomavirus infections in skin cancers. Biomed. Pharmacother. 52(1), 26-33.

Moss, R. W. (1998). Herbs against cancer History and controversy. Equinax press, Inc. Brooklyn, N.Y.

Spino, C., Dodier, M., Nigam, S.K. and Bhargava, K.P. (1998). Anti-HIV coumarins from Calophyllum seed oil. Bioorganic and medicinal chemistry letters 8, 3475-3478.

Verpoorte, R. (1998). Exploration of nature’s chemodiversity: the role of secondary metabolites as leads in drug development. Drug Discov. Today 3, 232-238.

Verpoorte, R. (1998). Exploration of nature’s chemodiversity: the role of secondary metabolites as leads in drug development. Drug Discov. Today 3, 232-238

Chang, L. C., Tsai, T. R., Wang, J. J., Lin, C. N. and Kuo, K. W. (1998). The rhamnose moity of solamargine plays a crucial role in triggering cell death by apotosis. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 242, 21-25

Moss, R. W. (1998). Herbs against cancer History and controversy. Equinax press, Inc. Brooklyn, N.Y.

Brady, N.F., Molan, P.C. and Harfoot, C.G. (1997). The sensitivity of dermatophytes to the antimicrobial activity of manuka honey and other honey. Pharmaceut. Sci. 2, 1-3.

Cipollini, M. L. and Levey, D.J. (1997). Antifungal activity of Solanum fruit glycoalkaloids: implications for frugivory and seed dispersal. Ecology, 78(3), 799-809.

Chataing, B., Concepcion, J.L., Buitrago de Cristancho, N. and Usubilliga, A. (1996). Clinical study of the effectiveness of extracts alkaloids obtained of the fruits of Solanum americanum Miller on Herpes simplex, Herpes two zoster and genital Herpes. Rev. Face. Pharmacy. Univ. The Zandes 32, 18-25.

Zur Hausen, H. (1996). Papillomavirus infections-a major cause of human skin cancers. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 1288(2), F55-78.

Hsu, S. H., Tsai, T. R., Lin, C. N., Yen, M. H. and Kuo, K. W. (1996). Solamargine purified from Solanum incanum Chinese herb triggers gene expression of human TNFR1 which may lead to cell apoptosis. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 229, 1-5

Sussman, L.A.E. and Liggins, D.F. (1996). Incompletely excised basal cell carcinoma: a management dilemma? Aust. NZ. J. Surg. 66, 276-278

Nakamura, T., Komori, C., Lee, Y., Hashinoto, F., Yahara, S., Nohara, T., and Ejina, A. (1996). Cytotoxic activities of Solanum steroidal glycosides. Biol. Biopharm. Bull. 19, 564-566

Cham, B.E., (1995). Solasodine glycosides as anti-cancer agents : Pre-clinical and clinical studies. Proc. 2nd World Congress on Cancer. Indep. Med. Res. 1996; 111-114.

Williams, D. G. (1995). The skin cancer cure nobody wants you to know about. Alternatives, 6, 17-22. Mountain Home Publishing.

Williams, D. G. (1995). The skin cancer cure so effective, it’s being kept secret. Ingram, TX: Mountain Home Publishing.

Cham, B. E. (1994). Solasodine glycosides as anti-cancer agents: Pre-clinical and clinical studies. Asia Pacif. J. Pharmacol. 9, 113-118

Garland, C.F. (1994). Effect of sunscreens on UV radiation-induced enhancement of melanoma growth in mice. J. Nat. Cancer Inst. 86(10), 798-801.

Taylor, P.B., Culp, J.S., Debouck, C., et al. (1994). Kinetic and mutational analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibition by inophyllums, a novel class of non-nucleoside inhibitors. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 6325-6331.

Wright, B. (1994). Sunscreens and the protection racket. New Sci. 21-22.

Fewell, A.M., Roddick, J.G. and Weissenber, M. (1994). Interactions between the glycoalkaloids solasonine and solamargine in relation to inhibition of fungal growth. Phytochem. 37(4), 1007-1011.

Cham, B. E. (1993). Efficacy and mode of action of solasodine glycosides (BEC) on cancer cells. In Proc. 4th Oceania Symposium 0041-51. Editor Mark S. Walker. Bioconcepts Publishing.

Mahmud, S., Rizwani, G.R., Ahmad, M., Ali, S., Perveen, S. and Ahmad, V.U. (1993). Antimicrobial studies on fractions and pure compounds of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. Pakistan J. Pharmacology, 15(2), 13-25.

Cham, B. E., Daunter, B and Evans, R. (1992). Topical treatment of malignant and premalignant skin cancers by very low concentration of a standard mixture of solasodine glycosides. Clinical Digest Series. Dermatology. 1992

Garland, C.F., et al. (1992). Could sunscreens increase melanoma risk? Amer. J. Pub. Hlth. 82 (4), 614-165.

Cham, B. E., Daunter, B and Evans, R. (1991). Topical treatment of malignant and premalignant skin cancers by very low concentrations of a standard mixture of solasodine glycosides. Cancer Letters 59, 183-192

Cham, B. E. (1991). Solasodine glycosides: A new modality for cancer. In Proc. 2nd Oceania Symposium. p.30-36. Editor Mark S. Walker. Bioconcepts Publishing.

Daunter, B. and Cham, B. E. (1990). Solasodine glycosides. In vitro preferential cytotoxicity for human cancer cells. Cancer Letters 55, 209-220

Roddick, J. G., Rÿrenber, A. L. and Weissenberg, M. (1990). Membrane-disrupting properties of the steroidal glycoalkaloids Solasonine and Solamargine. Phyto. Chem. 29. 1513-1518

Cham, B. E., Daunter, B. (1990). Solasodine glycosides. Selective cytoxicity for cancer cells and inhibition of cytotoxicity by rhamnose in mice with sarcoma 180. Cancer Letters, 55, 221-225

Cham, B. E., Daunter, B and Evans, R. (1990). Curaderm. Med. J. Australia. 152, 329-330

Cham, B. E., Daunter, B. (1990). Topical treatment of pre-malignant and malignant skin cancers with Curaderm. Drugs of Today 26, 55-58

Cham, B. E. (1989). Curaderm (antineoplastic). Launched in Australia. Drug News and Perspectives 2, 112

Ghazi, M. and Matthees, D. P. (1989). Use of ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid chromathography in separation of solanidine and solasodine. J. Chem. Exol. 15. 2661-2666

Evans, R., Cham, B. E. and Daunter, B. (1989). Letter to the Editor. Your Pharmacy, January

Cham, B. E. (1989). Plants yield skin cancer cure. Austral. Technol. Rev. 2, 53

Cham, B. E. (1988). Monograph on the compound BEC. Drugs of the Future. 13, 714-716

Allen, K.L., Molan, P.C., Williams, A.L. and Holland, P.T. (1988). The identification of some antibacterial constituents of New Zealand Manuka honey. J. Agri. Food Chem. 38, 10-13.

Cham, B. E., Gilliver, M. and Wilson, L. (1987). Antitumour effects of glycoalkaloids isolated from Solanum sodomaeum L. Planta Med. 53, 34-36

Cham, B. E. and Wilson, L. (1987). HPLC of glycoalkaloids from Solanum sodomaeum L. Planta Med. 53, 59-61

Cham, B. E. and Meares, M. M. (1987). Glycoalkaloids from Solanum sodomaeum L. are effective in the treatment of skin cancers in man. Cancer Letters 36, 111-118

Thorne, H.V., Clarke, G. F. and Skuce, R. (1985). The inactivation of herpes simplex virus by some solanaceae glycoalkaloids. Antiviral Res., 5, 335-343.

Jones, P.G. and Fenwick, G.R. (1981). The glycoalkaloid content of some edible Solanaceous fruits and potato products. J. Sci, Food Agric. 32. 419-421

Bhalla, T.N., Saxena, S.K., Misra, G. and Bhargava, K.P. (1980). Calophyllolide-a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Indian J. Medicinal Res. 72, 762-765.

Gopalakrishnan, C., Shankaranarayanan, D., Nazimudeen, S.K., Viswanathan, S. and Kameswaran, L. (1980). Depressant activities of xanthones from Calophyllum inophyllum and Mesua Ferrea. Indian J. Pharmacology, 12(3), 181-191.

Bajaj, K. L., Kaur, G. and Chada, M. L. (1979). Glycoalkaloid content and other chemical constituents of the fruits of some egg plant (Solanum melongena, L.) varieties. J. Plant Foods, 3, 163-168

Schreiber, K. (1968). Steroidal alkaloids: The Solanum group. In the alkaloids Vol 10, (Mansk, K., Ed.). Academic Press.

Jeanson, (1938). Anti-leprous plants not belonging to the flacourtiacees family. Bulletin of National Society of acclimation – France.